Internal-combustion engine



Feb. 11, 1930.` F. SCHWARZ INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed OGt. 19, 192'? Patented Feb. 11, 1930 i UNITED STATES FRIEDRICH SCHWARZ, `OF HAMBURG, GERMANY INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE Application led October 19, 1927, Serial No, 227,243.

This invention relates to an improvement in internal combustion engines involving the use of a unitary double piston, each subjected' to explosive impulse, with the power of one piston acting opposite to the rpower of the other to thereby provide an extremely high speed motor Without the necessity of materially increasing the weight or strength of the parts to compensate for the speed and vii() bration.

The invention also comprehends the utiliza tion of a pump piston arranged intermediate the power pistons and acting `as a means for cooling the respective power pistons during operation and as a means for guiding the power pistons to prevent their lateral play in operation.

The invention is illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, in which:

Figure l is a view in side elevation of a portionoic the engine showingparticularly the valve control.

Figure 2 is a vertical section, partly in elevation, showing one pair of connected cylinders.

The engine comprises a crank case m in which operates the crank shaft g. On the crank `case is supported a cylindrical casing l and on the casing d is mounted an upper cylinder c1 having an annular space n for a y cooling agent and an outer air space 0 divided by a partition p to provide an inlet air space Q having an inlet r opening to the atmosphere and a communication s leading into the cylindrical casing cl.

A piston a1 is mounted for reciprocation within the cylinder c1, the piston a1 being hollow and having openings It in the outer wall thereof to permit a cooling medium to enter the piston as will later appear. A lower Icylinder c2 is arranged in and concentric with the lower portion of the cylindrical casing cl, this cylinder e2 being sury rounded by a jacket t rising from the bottom of the cylindrical casing cl and connected at its upper end to the cylinder c2.

A piston a2 havinga displacement similar to that of the piston al operates in the cylinder c2. `The pistons al and a2 are yconnected by an intermediate or pump piston compris- CJD A DI

` tive cylinders.

ing a plate e having a depending flange pro-"S vided with piston rings or the like to cooperate with the interiorbf the cylindrical casing LZ. This pump piston forms the intermediate connection betweenfthe upper and lower pistons al and o2 and it will be underinto of a Cooling medium Connecting: rods 7L are Connected to wrist `pin mounted in a bearing supported on the under side ot' the pump piston e and arranged `70 c liametrically thereof. The connecting rods extend through openings ih the bottom of the Cylindrical casing cl, and are connected to cranks of thejcrank shaft g.

That portion of the Cylinder c1 above the piston a1 constitutes thev explosion space of that piston while the space in the cylinder c2 below the piston a2 constitutes the explosion space ,for the latter piston, The admission and exhaust of the, 'mixture from these respective cylinders is controlled in any usual or preferred manner, such being indicated as valves u for the upper cylinder `and valves o for the lower cylinder, both sets of valves being controlled in the usual manner by cam shaft fw.

Obviously, the pistons act alternately, constituting in eii'ect a two-cycle engine with the respective pistons driven in opposite directions and the pump piston continuously reciprocated. In the downward movement of the pump piston, the air coniined in the cylindrical casing d is caused to circulate through the lower piston a2 and at the same time air is drawn through the openings r and s into the cylindrical casing d above the pump piston. As the pump piston rises, the air drawn into the cylindrical casing d above the piston is forced to circulate through the upper piston a? by means of the openings 7c unlas til the latter are closed by the wall of the cylinder c1. Thus, the pistons are cooled in operation and the heated air incident to the radiation from the lower cylinder is forced by I the pump piston into the crank case.

What I claim to be new is:

1. An internal combustion engine comprising, a crank shaft, a crank shaft housing, a cylindrical housing supported on said crank case housing, a cylinder carried by said cylindrical housing, said cylinder being formed with water and air passages, a hollow piston operating in said cylinder, a second cylinder carried within the cylindrical housing and beneath said first cylinder, a second hollow piston operating in said second cylinder, a pump piston operating in the cylindrical casing between the first and second mentioned pistons and connected to each of the pistons, a wrist pin carried by the pump piston, connecting rods operating between the inner wall of the cylindrical casing and the outer wall of the second mentioned cylinder and connecting the wrist pin with the crank shaft whereby the first mentioned piston, the second mentioned piston and the pump piston are all operated by the same connection to the crank shaft.

2. An explosion engine involving a cylindrical housing, a cylinder arranged within the housing at the lower end thereof, a second cylinder supported at the upper end of the housing above the rst mentioned cylinder, a hollow piston operating in each of said cylinders, a pump piston operating in the housing between the respective pistons and connected to each of said pistons, a wrist pin carried by the pump piston, connecting rods operating between the housing and the cylinder arranged therein, and guiding ilangesdepending from the pump piston and bearing against the wall of the housing intermediate the respective cylinders, said guiding flanges serving to prevent or overcome any lateral thrust of the pistons when at their limit of movements in their respective cylinders.

In testimony whereof I afixiny signature.

FRIEDRICH SCHWARZ. [as] 

